An Action Plan for Solving Our Climate Crisis Now

1.0
Electrify Transportation
Reduce 8 gigatons of transportation emissions to 2 gigatons by 2050.
1.1
Price

Achieve price parity between EVs and gas-powered vehicles in the U.S. by 2024, in India and China by 2030.

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

$54,288 (average EV) vs. $47,209 (average full-size car) in the U.S.

Source: Kelley Blue Book, 2023

1.2
Cars

Increase EV sales to 50% of all new car sales by 2030, 95% by 2040.

Updated April 2024
On Track

EV share of car sales was 17.7% in 2023

(BEVs and PHEVs)

Source: BloombergNEF, 2024

1.3
Buses

Electrify all new buses by 2025.

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

43% of new bus purchases were electric in 2023

Source: BloombergNEF, 2023

1.4
Trucks

Increase sales of zero-emissions medium and heavy trucks to 30% of all new truck sales by 2030; 95% by 2045.

Updated April 2024
Failing

Electric share of global truck sales was 2% in 2023

(BEVs, FCVs, and PHEVs)

Source: BloombergNEF, 2023

1.5
Miles ↓ 5 Gt

Increase miles driven by electric vehicles (two- and three-wheelers, cars, buses, and trucks) to 50% of the global total by 2040, 95% by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

EV global share of miles driven across road vehicles in 2022: 10.4%

(BEVs, FCVs, and PHEVs)

Source: BloombergNEF, 2023

1.6
Planes ↓ 0.3 Gt

Increase low-carbon fuel (SAF) to 20% of all aviation fuel by 2025; zero-emissions fuel to 40% by 2040.

Updated April 2024
Failing

0.4% of fuel use is low carbon (SAF)

Source: BloombergNEF, 2024

1.7
Maritime ↓ 0.6 Gt

Shift all new construction to “zero-ready” ships by 2030; zero out emissions for the shipping industry by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Failing

Zero percent of new ships are carbon-neutral

Source: Global Martime Forum, 2023

2.0
Decarbonize the Grid
Reduce 24 gigatons of global electricity and heating emissions to 3 gigatons by 2050.
2.1
Zero Emissions ↓ 16.5 Gt

Tap emissions-free sources to generate 50% of electricity worldwide by 2025, 90% by 2035.

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

39% of electricity came from emissions free sources in 2022

Source: Energy Institute, 2023

2.2
Solar & Wind

Make solar and wind cheaper than fossil fuels in all countries by 2025.

Updated June 2024
On Track

59% of the world’s population lives in nations where renewable sources are cheaper than fossil fuels

Source: BloombergNEF, 2024

2.3
Storage

Electricity storage drops below $50 per kWh for short duration (4–24 hours) by 2025, $10 per kWh for long duration (14–30 days) by 2030.

Updated April 2024
Failing

Short-term storage: $263/kWh

Long-term storage: New technologies needed

Source: BloombergNEF, 2023

2.4
Coal & Gas

Eliminate new coal and gas plants from 2024 on; retire or zero out emissions in existing plants by 2025 for coal and by 2035 for gas.*

Updated April 2024
Code Red

Now in operation globally: 6,580 coal-fired plants and 9,278 gas and oil plants

Source: Global Energy Monitor, 2024

As of 2023, separate figures for oil and gas plants are not available.

 

2.5
Methane Emissions ↓ 3 Gt

Reduce flaring and eliminate leaks and venting from coal, oil, and gas sites by 2025.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

Methane emissions from the energy sector were 3 gigatons in 2023

2.6
Heating & Cooking ↓ 1.5 Gt

Cut fossil fuels for heating and cooking in half by 2040.*

Updated April 2024
Failing

In 2021, building heating generated 2.5 Gt of emissions and over 7 billion people used fossil fuels for cooking

2.7
Cleaner Economy

Triple the ratio of GDP to fossil fuel consumption.

Updated April 2024
Failing

Global average: $241 of GDP per Exajoule of Fossil Fuel Consumption

3.0
Fix Food
Reduce 9 gigatons of agricultural emissions to 2 gigatons by 2050.
3.1
Farm Soils ↓ 2 Gt

Improve soil health by increasing carbon content in topsoils to a minimum of 3% by 2035.

Updated May 2024
Limited Data

Limited Data

3.2
Fertilizers ↓ 0.5 Gt

Stop overuse of nitrogen-based fertilizers and develop cleaner alternatives to cut emissions in half by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Failing

The world uses 65.5 kilograms per hectare of nitrogen-based fertilizers

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization and Our World in Data, 2023

3.3
Cows ↓ 3 Gt

Cut emissions from beef and dairy consumption by 25% by 2030, 50% by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

3.3 gigatons of emissions from beef and dairy in 2021

3.4
Rice ↓ 0.5 Gt

Reduce methane and nitrous oxide from rice farming by 50% by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Failing

1.1 gigaton of CO2e resulting from rice production

Source: Our World in Data, 2024

3.5
Food Waste ↓ 1 Gt

Cut food waste to 10% by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Failing

38% of food in the US is wasted

Source: ReFed, 2022

4.0
Protect Nature
Go from 6 gigatons of emissions to -1 gigatons by 2050.
4.1
Forests ↓ 6 Gt

Achieve net zero deforestation by 2030; end logging and other destructive practices in primary forests.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

17.6 million hectares of permanent tree cover loss

Source: Global Forest Watch, 2022

4.2
Oceans ↓ 1 Gt

Protect 30% of oceans by 2030, 50% by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Failing

8.2% of coastal oceans are protected

Source: Protected Planet, 2024

4.3
Lands

Expand protected lands to 30% by 2030, 50% by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Failing

16% of global lands are protected

Source: Protected Planet, 2024

5.0
Clean Up Industry
Reduce 12 gigatons of industrial emissions to 4 gigatons by 2050.
5.1
Steel ↓ 3 Gt

Reduce emissions from steel production 50% by 2030, 90% by 2040.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

1.9 metric tons of CO2 per metric ton of crude steel cast

Source: WorldSteel, 2023

5.2
Cement ↓ 2 Gt

Reduce emissions from cement production 25% by 2030, 90% by 2040.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

0.6 metric tons of CO2 per metric ton of cement produced

5.3
Other Industries ↓ 3 Gt

Reduce emissions from other industrial sources (primarily plastics, chemicals, paper, aluminum, glass, and apparel) 60% by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

5 gigatons emitted from other industries

Source: Climate TRACE, 2024

6.0
Remove Carbon
Remove 10 gigatons of carbon dioxide per year from the atmosphere.
6.1
Nature-Based Removal ↓ 5 Gt

Remove at least 3 gigatons per year by 2030 and 5 gigatons by 2040.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

0.02 gigatons of nature-based carbon removal being tracked

Source: Climate Focus, 2024

6.2
Engineered Removal ↓ 5 Gt

Remove at least 1 gigaton per year by 2030 and 5 gigatons by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

Currently, 0.0002 gigatons are being removed annually

Source: CDR.fyi, 2024

7.1
Net Zero Pledges

Each country commits to reach net zero by 2050.*

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

China: net zero by 2060

U.S.: net zero by 2050

EU: net zero by 2050

India: net zero by 2070

Russia: net zero by 2060

7.2
Action Plans

Each country is on track to cut emissions in half by 2030.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

2030 trajectory:

China: 4°C

US: 3°C

EU: 2°C

India: 4°C

Russia: 4°C

 

Source: Climate Action Tracker, 2023

7.3
Carbon Price

National prices on greenhouse gases are set at a minimum of $75 per ton, rising 5% annually.

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

Global average price: $33 per ton

23% of global emissions are covered by a carbon pricing mechanism

 

7.4
Subsidies

Direct subsidies to fossil fuel companies are eliminated.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

$1.3 trillion in explicit fossil fuel subsidies globally

7.5
Methane

Control flaring, prohibit venting, and mandate prompt capping of methane leaks.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

Countries representing 50% of global methane emissions have signed the global methane pledge

Source: Global Methane Pledge, 2024

7.6
Refrigerants

Countries commit to phasing out hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).

Updated April 2024
On Track

All five major emitters have ratified the Kigali amendment

8.1
Voters

The climate crisis becomes a top-three issue.

Updated April 2024
Failing

Climate’s rank as top issue: seventh globally

Source: Ipsos, 2023

 

8.2
Government

A majority of key government officials support the drive to net zero.

Updated April 2024
Limited Data

Limited Data

8.3
Business

100% of Fortune Global 500 companies commit to reach net zero by 2050.

Updated April 2024
Failing

9.2% of Fortune Global 500 Companies have a net zero commitment

Source: Speed & Scale, 2024

Data is pulled from Fortune Global 500 websites to track emissions targets of each corporation

8.4
Education Equity

The world achieves universal primary and secondary education by 2040.

Updated April 2024
Failing

77% of students complete lower secondary school

Source: World Bank, 2023

8.5
Health Equity

The world eliminates gaps in pollution-linked mortality rates among racial and socioeconomic groups by 2040.

Updated April 2024
Failing

2.3 years (global average loss of life due to air pollution)

Source: Air Quality Life Index (AQLI), 2023

8.6
Economic Equity

The global clean energy transition creates 65 million fairly distributed new jobs by 2040, outpacing the loss of fossil fuel jobs.

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

13.7 million people employed directly and indirectly

9.1
Batteries

10,000 GWh of batteries are produced annually at less than $80 per kWh by 2035.

Updated April 2024
On Track

Production: 2,592 per GWh

Price: $139 per kWh 

Source: BloombergNEF, 2023

9.2
Electricity

The cost of zero-emissions baseload power is lowered to $0.02 per kWh by 2030.

Updated April 2024
On Track

$0.03 per kWh for utility-scale onshore wind

$0.05 per kWh for utility-scale solar PV

9.3
Green Hydrogen

Cost of producing hydrogen from zero-emissions sources drops to $2 per kg by 2030, $1 per kg by 2040.

Updated April 2024
Failing

$2-$12 per kg, not currently produced at scale

Source: BloombergNEF, 2023

9.4
Carbon Removal

Cost of engineered carbon dioxide removal falls to $100 per ton by 2030, $50 per ton by 2040.

Updated April 2024
Code Red

Average of $715 per ton of carbon removed, not at scale

Source: CDR.fyi, 2024

9.5
Carbon-Neutral Fuels

Cost of synthetic fuel drops to $2.50 per gallon for jet fuel and $3.50 for gasoline by 2035.

Updated April 2024
Failing

Jet Fuel: $2.94 (Traditional) vs. $7.35 (Sustainable)

Vehicle Fuel: $4.02 (Diesel) vs. $4.76 (Biodiesel)

Source: International Air Transport Association, BloombergNEF, and Alternative Fuels Data Center, 2023

Diesel and Biodiesel are U.S. prices

10.1
Financial Incentives

Global government support and incentives for clean energy expand to $600 billion per year.

Updated April 2024
Limited Data

Limited Data

10.2
Government R&D

Public investment in sustainability research and development increases to $120 billion per year.

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

Low carbon R&D globally: $23 billion

10.3
Venture Capital

Private investment into cleantech startups totals $50 billion per year.

Updated April 2024
Achieved

$51 billion invested in climate tech startups

Source: BloombergNEF, 2024

10.4
Project Financing

Clean energy project financing rises to $1 trillion per year.

Updated April 2024
On Track

Clean energy financing is at an all-time high, hitting $743 billion

Source: BloombergNEF, 2024

10.5
Philanthropy

Philanthropic dollars for tackling emissions grow to $30 billion per year.

Updated April 2024
Insufficient Progress

Less than 2% (between $8 billion and $13 billion) of philanthropic giving is dedicated to climate change mitigation

Welcome to Zeroing In by Speed & Scale, where we cut through the noise to deliver a data-driven update on progress toward net zero.

WHAT’S NEXT FOR CLIMATE POLICY IN THE UNITED STATES AND ABROAD? Sweeping changes in political leadership are nothing new. While the outcome of the recent U.S. elections will make our work to combat climate change more challenging, we must strengthen our resolve and forge ahead.


Rather than react with resignation or despair, we need to double down in our drive to zero out emissions. The road ahead demands an even more urgent commitment to climate progress. Top of mind for Speed & Scale:


1. The election results were decisive, and the economy topped the list of voter concerns.  

Polls show most Americans view climate change as a threat, but they put pocketbook concerns first. A test for the clean energy transition is to succeed by tying it to economic benefits. Christian Science Monitor


Clean tech is creating hundreds of thousands of new jobs across the country. Over $200 billion of IRA investment has already been channeled into states, close to 80 percent of it to Republican-majority districts. We must continue to find new and better ways to engage voters by highlighting the economic gains made possible by clean energy.


2. Market forces are on our side.


As we like to say, “It’s now cheaper to save the planet than to ruin it.” Americans are seeing substantial savings from the rapidly falling costs of solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources. Texas, a solidly red state, leads the country in renewables deployment. South Dakota generates over half of its electricity from wind. The clean energy transition is well underway. We must keep the momentum going.


3. Next-gen climate technologies have bipartisan support in the United States.

Last June, the ADVANCE Act, which calls for accelerated development of next-generation nuclear technology, passed the U.S. Senate by a vote of 88 to 2. (A companion bill easily passed the House of Representatives four months earlier.) There is also robust bipartisan support for geothermal and hydropower. The climate movement should lean into areas with bipartisan consensus while fighting to protect and grow what we have in place.


4. While we take stock of what needs to happen in the U.S., globally we must sustain robust dialogue and focus on market-driven innovation to achieve global net-zero goals.

The latest Climate Action Tracker report emphasizes that “global warming projections for 2100 are flatlining, with no improvement since 2021,” setting the world on a 2.7°C path. While capping warming at 1.5°C may seem unlikely, clean energy investment now outpaces fossil fuels, driven by renewable breakthroughs, EV growth, and clean manufacturing. Scaling these innovations to displace fossil fuels is crucial to bending the curve and could lower warming to 2°C or less. With emissions still rising, the stakes remain high: every tenth of a degree matters.

At Speed & Scale, our mission remains clear: Move leaders to act on climate. Over the next four years, we must recommit to our domestic and global priorities. While the headwinds in Washington for Objective 7 of the Speed & Scale plan (Win Policy and Politics) will no doubt be stronger, much vital work remains to be done at the state and local levels. In addition, this is a time for bold action on our other accelerants, including Objective 8 (Turn Movements Into Action), Objective 9 (Innovate!), and Objective 10 (Invest!).


A few stories fueling our outlook for why we’re optimistic about future progress:

🚗 1.0 – Electrify Transportation

  • Arkansas’ Lithium Lifeline: A limestone formation in Arkansas may contain up to 19 million tons of lithium reserves, potentially enough to meet 2030 global demand for EV batteries nine times over, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. Beginning in 2027, ExxonMobil aims to leverage direct lithium extraction technology to be more efficient and less resource-intensive (The Verge).

💡 2.0 – Decarbonize The Grid

  • Green Screens Roll: Netflix and Disney are funding the Clean Mobile Power Initiative to reduce reliance on diesel generators–and cut up to 700,000 tons of annual emissions–in film and TV production. For alternative energy sources, the initiative is testing battery storage, hydrogen generators, and hybrid systems. The goal is to scale cleaner energy solutions across productions by 2030 and to leverage incentives and education to gain industry-wide adoption (Trellis).

🐄 3.0 – Fix Food

  • Seeding A Green Revolution: Pivot Bio’s genetically modified bacteria, which help corn plants produce nutrients, could reduce reliance on traditional chemical fertilizers that account for one billion metric tons of CO₂-equivalent emissions annually. Currently used for 5 percent of U.S. corn crops, Pivot’s technology has already cut 706,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions (New York Times).

🌳 4.0 – Protect Nature

  • Fast-Tracking Geothermal Growth: The Department of the Interior has proposed a new categorical exclusion to develop renewable geothermal energy on leased federal land. This change would allow some exploratory drilling projects to bypass environmental assessments, streamlining the development process (Federal Register).

🧱 5.0 – Clean Up Industry

  • Building A Greener Future: A British startup, Material Evolution, has claimed it can cut 85 percent of CO2 emissions with low-carbon cement made from recycled slag. The world’s second-most-used material after water, cement accounts for 8 percent of total global emissions. The next step for Material Evolution is to overcome obstacles with scaling and industry acceptance (Washington Post).

🧹 6.0 – Remove Carbon

  • A Breath Of Fresh Air: UC Berkeley scientists have developed a highly porous material that efficiently captures CO2 from the air and can be reused up to a hundred times without losing effectiveness. Their breakthrough has potential applications in large-scale carbon capture and might even be used to harvest water from desert air (SF Gate).

🏛️ 7.0 – Win Politics And Policy

  • Oil Execs Push Back: Donald Trump’s plan to double down on U.S. oil production faces resistance from oil executives who are more focused on financial discipline than on ramping up output. While modest growth in production is expected, industry leaders are unlikely to return to aggressive drilling, making Trump’s promised energy price cuts more dependent on global demand trends than on a surge in domestic supply (Bloomberg).

🏃 8.0 – Turn Movements Into Action

  • Golden Years, Green Fears: With retirees more vulnerable to climate impacts, older adults are increasingly joining climate protests  against fossil fuels. The group Third Act, founded by activist Bill McKibben, mobilizes retirees to leverage their financial stability and societal standing to push for policy change. In one recent example, Swiss retirees successfully pursued a case in the European Court of Human Rights (Bloomberg).

9.0 – Innovate!

  • Green Skies Ahead: California has signed an agreement with major U.S. airlines to boost the use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). The airlines are committing to 200 million gallons of SAF by 2035, which could meet 40 percent of in-state travel demand. This public and private sector partnership, backed by policy incentives, aims to help the airline industry achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, though experts caution about potential land-use impacts from plant-based SAF sources (The Hill).

💰 10.0 – Invest!

  • Fueling A Nuclear Future: The Biden administration plans to triple U.S. nuclear capacity by 2050, targeting an additional 200 gigawatts to meet rising demand for carbon-free energy, with a near-term goal of adding 35 gigawatts over the next decade. Supported by bipartisan legislation, this strategy aligns with increased global interest in nuclear energy to reach carbon reduction goals. Given rising energy demands from AI data processing and other sectors, the initiative could receive continued backing under President-elect Trump (Bloomberg).  

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